Since the advent of commercial websites, website owners have naturally been interested to learn about the number and nature of their visitors. Initially, such information was based on log files - text files stored on the server that recorded the number of files served, the number of pages viewed and so on.
Whilst interesting, such information was sometimes misleading. The methods used to collect data meant that it wasn't possible to track anything more than numbers.
In response to this, several companies have created software that is collectively known as Website Analytics. This software is intended to improve the data collected about website visitors, and give website owners various ways to interrogate and interpret visitor behaviour.
Perhaps the most popular Analytics package is Google Analytics - a free service available to anyone with a Google account. Other popular tools include: